Využití koní
Parkur
Název vznikl z francouzského par cours - z loveckých soutěží. Parkur je tedy soutěž, při níž kůň s jezdcem překonávají soustavu umělých překážek v daném časem.po stanovené trati. Obvykle se konají na travnatém nebo pískovém kolbišti. Od roku 1912 je parkur samostatnou disciplínou na OH.
Drezura
Kořeny tohoto sportu jsou velmi staré, jejich rozmach nastal zejména v 16. století za renesance. Soutěže se konají na pískovém drezurním obdelníku o rozměrech 20 x 40m nebo 20 x 60 m. Oblíbený je u jezdců ale i diváků zejména kür, který se jede na hudbu a spojuje estetickou podívanou se sportovním zážitkem.
Všestranná spůsobilost
Základem těchto soutěží byly štafetové jízdy vojenských poslů, kteří vozili hlášení , často ve velmi obtížných terénech. Dříve se jich účastnili jen vojenští jezdci, proto dlouho přežíval pojem military. Soutěž trvá obvykle tři dny a kůň s jezdcem musí předvést svoji všestrannost - drezurní zkouška, terénní jízda, parkur.
Westernové soutěže
Tyto disciplíny vznikly na amerických rančích, protože kovbojové mezi sebou rádi měřili síly svých koní, jejich rychlost a obratnost. U nás se jezdí od roku 1990. Disciplíny se dělí na tři základní skupiny: soutěže zaměřené na přiježděnost koní a jejich ovladatelnost - např. reining, pracovní - např. cutting ( kůň a jezdec musí oddělit kus dobytka a nenechat ho vrátit se ke stádu po určitý čas), rychlostní - barrel racing a pole bending.
Voltiž
Název vznikl z francouzštiny - la voltige znamená cvičení na koni. jedná se o gymnastické a akrobatické ježdění na koni, kterého vede na lonži lonžér. Rozhodčí hodnotí cviky povinné a volné sestavy, může cvičit jednotlivec nebo skupina.
vytrvalost
Od roku 1983 je endrurance zařazena mezi sporty Mezinárodní jezdecké federace FEI. Účastnit se mohou všechna plemena koní, ale vynikají především koně arabští. Soutěž testuje nejen rychlost a vytrvalost koně, ale zejména jeho zdravotní stav a kondici. Jízda probíhá v terénu s různými převýšeními, brody, výstupy či překážkami v přirozeném stavu. Pokud není kůň v pořádku, může být dvojice i diskvalifikována.
Vozatajství
Je ještě starší než jezdecký sport. Existuje mnoho různých zápřeží a stylů zapřahání. První soutěže se začaly objevovat ke konci 19. století. Počátky jízdy se spřežením u nás jsou spjaty se Selskou jízdou a chovatelskými zkouškami. Dnes e vypisují soutěže pro jednospřeží, dvouspřeží, ale i čtyřspřeží, pro velké koně i poníky.
Dostihy
Dělí se na cvalové rovinové , cvalové překážkové a klusácké. Dostihy jsou velmi stré, závodilo se už v době Chetitů a v antice. Rovinových dostihů se účastní i dvouletí koně. KLusácké dostihy jsou velmi populární zejména v Americe a Rusku, ale konají se i v dalších zemích, včetně ČR. KOně jsou zapřahání do lehkých dvoukolových vozíků - sulek. už i u nás se běhají dostihy těchto koní pod sedlem - tzv. monté
Další využití koní
Chov
V chovu koní se jedná o dlouhodobý proces, nátočný nejen časově, ale i ekonomicky. Dobrý chovatel musí být odborně vzdělaný a zodpovědný, aby jím odchovaní koně byli kvalitní a splňovali chovný cíl. K úspěšnému odchovu je dlouhá cesta, březost klisny trvá 11 měsíců , odchování hříběte nějméně dalších 6 měsíců a to s odpovídající péčí.
Lesnictví, potažní práce
Ačkoli se zdálo, že v 21. století zvládnou všechnu práci stroje, koně a jejich tažná síla jsou stále nenahraditelní při práci v lese. Koně pracují zejména tam, kam by se nedostala těžká mechanizace a také v místech, kde je potřeba přistupovat šetrně k půdě. Právě pro tyto práce ( a nejen pro ně) jsou stále chováni chladnokrevníci. Práce v lese je pro koně nesmírně namáhavá a také nebezpečná, proto hodně záleží na souhře s kočím a také na jeho vztahu ke koni.
Nezastupitelnou roli při léčbě postižených má i jízda na koni. Ovšem pod vedením odborných pracovníků. Lékaři přišli na to, že krok koně příznivě působí na některá onemocnění , a proto se začal tento obor rozvíjet.
Rekreační ježdění a turistické ježdění
Jezdecké hry
Jsou mnoha typů a soutěží v nich nejen děti, ale i dospělí. Patří sem např. pólo, gymkhana, skijöring, ovšem lze sem zařadit i populární hubertovy jízdy.
Show
Pod tímto pojmem si většinou vybavíme vystoupení jezdců a koní Apassionaty či večerní show na Equitaně. Spojení hudby, světel, krásných koní a náročných jezdeckých prvků skývá nevídanou podívanou, která zaujme lajky i odborníky. Bez koní si neumíme představit ani různá cirkusová vystoupení či historické filmy a pohádky.
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